
海湾欧盟联合声明反对伊朗海峡主权主张
海湾与欧盟联合声明拒绝伊朗对霍尔木兹海峡主权主张,要求立即停火并保障航行自由,美国同时加强海上封锁。
2026年7月18日,海湾合作委员会与欧盟在布鲁塞尔发表联合声明,以“最强烈措辞”谴责伊朗对通过霍尔木兹海峡的商船及对巴林、科威特、阿联酋、卡塔尔、阿曼和约旦等主权领土的袭击,明确拒绝任何国家对该海峡的主权或控制主张。同日,阿联酋外交部单独发表声明,对地区事态发展表达“深切关切”,呼吁立即停止升级并重返谈判。美国中央司令部则宣布,其针对伊朗的海上封锁行动仍在继续,已改变5艘船只航线并瘫痪1艘。
联合声明由欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表卡拉斯与巴林外长扎亚尼共同发布,强调航行自由受《联合国海洋法公约》保障,任何双边安排不得非法限制过境通行权,并反对伊朗收取通行费或服务费。声明要求伊朗“立即无条件停止所有袭击和一切形式的海上干预”。伊朗方面,卫生部称过去三周美国袭击已造成50人死亡、500人受伤,但未直接回应海峡主权争议。伊朗此前曾威胁攻击美国在阿联酋的军事基地,并声称有权对导弹发射地实施打击。
此次冲突升级对全球能源市场与供应链产生直接冲击。霍尔木兹海峡承载全球约三分之一的海运石油贸易,其安全畅通对亚洲经济体尤为关键。分析人士指出,中国作为世界最大原油进口国,其能源安全高度依赖该海峡的稳定;日本、韩国和印度等主要石油消费国同样面临供应中断风险。冲突已导致能源价格上涨,据俄罗斯《生意人报》报道,全球商业界因能源成本上升和供应链受阻已损失数十亿美元。
自2026年3月以来,美伊军事对抗持续加剧。尽管双方曾于6月12日签署14点协议,但停火脆弱,近期交火再度升级。科威特、巴林、约旦和沙特等国报告遭伊朗导弹或无人机袭击,部分国家启动防空系统。美国军方确认两名士兵死亡、一人失踪,为数月来首次美军伤亡。作为回应,美军对伊朗沿海及内陆交通基础设施实施第七夜打击,导致一座海水淡化厂受损,约20个村庄供水中断。
海湾与欧盟声明重申对对话与外交的承诺,但美伊双方均未显示停止军事行动的迹象。阿联酋此前曾游说联合国安理会通过决议授权国际联盟解除海峡封锁,并提议美国占领海峡内战略岛屿。目前,外交轨道与军事升级并行,霍尔木兹海峡的航行自由问题已成为大国博弈与地区安全架构重塑的焦点。下一步,国际社会关注安理会是否将就海峡局势召开紧急会议,以及伊朗会否对联合声明做出正式回应。
| 阿拉伯海湾媒体 | −0.80 | critical |
|---|---|---|
| 伊朗及相关媒体 | −0.70 | critical |
| 俄罗斯及独联体媒体 | 0.00 | neutral |
The United Arab Emirates and the Gulf Cooperation Council, together with the European Union, firmly condemn Iranian aggression and reiterate that freedom of navigation in the Strait of Hormuz is an inviolable international right, not subject to unilateral sovereignty.
The bloc builds its position by presenting freedom of navigation as a universal principle vital to the global economy, thereby delegitimizing any Iranian claim as a violation of international law.
The bloc omits to mention the reasons Iran gives for its actions, such as sanctions or US provocations, and does not report the Iranian perspective on Gulf sovereignty.
Iran rejects the joint EU-GCC statement as a hostile and biased act that denies Iran's sovereign rights over the Strait of Hormuz and attempts to impose an illegitimate navigation regime.
The Iranian bloc uses the technique of blame reversal: it presents the international condemnation as a political aggression, while Iranian actions are justified as defensive and legitimate.
The bloc omits to mention the details of Iranian attacks on commercial vessels and the violations of international law cited in the joint statement.
Russia reports the UAE's call for de-escalation and a return to negotiations, without taking a stance on the accusations against Iran, emphasizing the importance of regional stability.
The Russian bloc adopts a detached and factual tone, reporting official statements without adding commentary or condemnation, which implicitly avoids taking sides.
The bloc omits to report the joint EU-GCC condemnation and the specific accusations against Iran, focusing only on the Emirati position.