黎巴嫩古城提尔遭以军空袭受损，被联合国教科文组织列入濒危世界遗产名录
联合国教科文组织应黎巴嫩政府请求，将这座拥有4700年历史的腓尼基古城列入濒危名录，其罗马时期遗迹在以色列与真主党的冲突中遭到直接打击。
联合国教科文组织（UNESCO）7月22日在韩国釜山举行的第48届世界遗产委员会会议上决定，将黎巴嫩南部古城提尔列入《世界遗产濒危名录》。该组织通过社交媒体平台X表示，这一腓尼基古城“直接遭到打击并受损，其保护状况引发日益严重的担忧，尤其是考虑到可能遭受进一步冲击”。提尔于1984年被列入世界遗产名录，城内两处主要遗址——一座罗马凯旋门和一座公元2世纪的竞技场——均位于受保护区域内。
黎巴嫩政府主动提出了将提尔列入濒危名录的请求。黎巴嫩文化部长加桑·萨拉梅在决定公布后向UNESCO和世界遗产委员会表示感谢，称此举“将把UNESCO及其成员国的目光和关注聚焦于这一在地区历史中具有重大意义的遗址，该地区正经历可能对其造成伤害的冲突”。萨拉梅此前曾指责以色列未遵守1954年《关于发生武装冲突时保护文化财产的 Hague 公约》，也无视由UNESCO相关委员会设立、用于武装冲突中保护文化遗址的“蓝盾”标志。
根据UNESCO的评估，该遗址的“最佳保护条件已不复存在，无法确保其突出普遍价值得到维护”。今年6月，其中一处遗址遭到以色列军队的直接打击。自以色列与黎巴嫩什叶派运动真主党之间爆发新一轮敌对行动以来，提尔及其周边地区多次成为以军空袭的目标。据中东地区安全消息来源称，真主党为报复一名伊朗高级别人物遭美以击杀而向以色列发射火箭弹，以色列随后以大规模空袭和地面入侵作为回应，导致逾3600人丧生，提尔大部分居民在以色列军方发布涵盖部分考古区的疏散令后逃离。
提尔位于贝鲁特以南约83公里、距以色列边境仅约20公里，是地中海最古老的城市之一，历史上曾先后处于腓尼基、波斯、希腊化、罗马、拜占庭和奥斯曼等文明统治之下。此次被列入濒危名录，意味着该遗址的保护状况将受到国际社会的持续监测。世界遗产委员会在釜山的会议仍在进行中，预计将继续审议其他受冲突或环境威胁的遗产地状况。
| 俄罗斯及独联体媒体 | −0.60 | critical |
|---|---|---|
| 伊朗及相关媒体 | −0.90 | critical |
| 大西洋／英语圈媒体 | −0.20 | neutral |
| 阿拉伯黎凡特—马格里布媒体 | −0.50 | critical |
Russia projects the UNESCO listing as evidence of Israel’s deliberate targeting of cultural heritage, framing the conflict as one-sided aggression.
By omitting any mention of Hezbollah’s role or the Lebanese government’s request, the narrative isolates Israeli responsibility and amplifies the victimhood of Lebanon.
Omitted is the fact that the Lebanese government formally requested the listing, as well as any reference to Hezbollah’s parallel military actions that also endanger the site.
Iran denounces the Zionist regime’s deliberate destruction of Lebanese heritage, using the UNESCO statement as a moral weapon to escalate condemnation.
By erasing Hezbollah from the narrative and describing the regime as inherently destructive, it creates a binary of victim versus aggressor that justifies its own anti-Israel stance.
Omits any mention of Hezbollah’s participation in the conflict, the Lebanese government’s request for the listing, and the fact that UNESCO’s concern is balanced and technical.
The Atlantic observer neutrally records the UNESCO decision, presenting the damage as a regrettable consequence of a distant conflict without taking sides.
By omitting the political context (Hezbollah, the Lebanese request) and using passive language, the narrative normalizes a one-sided description of events under the guise of objectivity.
Omits any reference to Hezbollah’s attacks, the Lebanese government’s proactive role, and the fact that the endangerment listing was requested by Lebanon itself.
The Arab Levantine and Maghreb world thanks UNESCO while condemning the Zionist aggression, positioning Lebanon as a victim that seeks international legitimacy.
By emphasizing the Lebanese government’s request and the gratitude towards UNESCO, it transforms a technical listing into a moral victory and a diplomatic tool against Israel.
Omits the fact that Hezbollah’s attacks also endanger the site and that the UNESCO decision is based on technical criteria, not political alignment.