
胡塞武装封锁曼德海峡威胁沙特,油轮紧急改道加剧全球能源风险
也门胡塞武装宣布对沙特实施海上封锁,两艘驶往亚洲的沙特油轮已在红海掉头,全球两大能源咽喉同时承压。
也门胡塞武装于7月21日宣布对沙特阿拉伯实施海上封锁,并警告所有与沙特港口有关的船只将成为攻击目标。据路透社援引航运数据报道,两艘装载沙特原油的油轮——驶往印度的“罗多斯”号和驶往中国的“鑫龙洋”号——当天在红海掉头,改向苏伊士运河方向航行。另一艘原计划前往延布港装载原油的超大型油轮“新首相”号也在阿曼附近海域折返。英国海事风险管理公司Vanguard称,这是胡塞武装宣布封锁后首批确认的商业油轮航线变更,可能加剧沙特原油出口中断。
胡塞武装通过无线电广播和致航运公司的电子邮件发出威胁,称此举是对沙特“围困也门”和袭击萨那国际机场的回应。沙特外交部谴责胡塞的指控“毫无根据”,并表示将采取“一切必要措施”保护本国船只。沙特领导的联军发言人强调,将对任何威胁过境船只的行为作出“迅速而坚决”的回应。美国总统特朗普则在白宫会见黎巴嫩总统时表示,若封锁实际发生,美国将“处理此事”,并提及此前对胡塞武装的打击行动。
此次封锁威胁使全球能源运输面临双重瓶颈。自美国与伊朗冲突升级以来,霍尔木兹海峡的航运已严重受阻,沙特被迫将大部分原油出口转向红海港口延布,通过曼德海峡运往亚洲。据数据公司Kpler统计,沙特目前每日经红海出口逾360万桶原油及成品油,主要流向中国、印度等亚洲市场。若曼德海峡也被封锁,全球约7%的石油供应将面临中断风险,叠加霍尔木兹海峡已减少的10%流量,可能引发油价进一步飙升。航运业人士指出,即使胡塞武装无法完全封锁海峡,零星袭击也足以推高战争险保费,迫使船东绕行好望角,导致航程延长数周、运输成本大幅上升。
胡塞武装控制着也门北部及红海沿岸部分地区,其阵地距曼德海峡不足100公里。该组织自2023年底起曾多次袭击红海商船,直至2025年在美国和以色列的打击下才有所收敛。此次行动被广泛视为伊朗在“抵抗轴心”框架下开辟的新战线。伦敦国王学院学者安德烈亚斯·克里格指出,德黑兰可能要求胡塞武装“准备曼德海峡战线”,以在霍尔木兹海峡之外对美施压。沙特则担忧伊朗通过胡塞武装在也门建立直接军事存在,近期对萨那机场的袭击据信旨在切断德黑兰与胡塞之间的空中通道。
目前,延布港仍在运营,但航运公司正重新评估红海航线的风险。国际社会关注点集中于美伊外交动向:伊朗内政部长同日访问巴基斯坦,被外界视为寻求谈判渠道的信号,但双方军事行动仍未停止。中国作为沙特原油的最大买家之一,其能源供应链的稳定性正面临考验,而全球石油市场已对任何供应中断信号高度敏感。
| 大西洋/英语圈媒体 | −0.20 | neutral |
|---|---|---|
| 欧洲大陆媒体 | −0.50 | critical |
| 拉丁美洲媒体 | 0.00 | neutral |
| 俄罗斯及独联体媒体 | 0.00 | neutral |
A US-aligned security analyst frames the Houthi blockade as a direct extension of the US-Iran war, positioning the United States as the guarantor of global trade and security.
By linking the Houthi action to the broader US-Iran conflict, the bloc creates a narrative of symmetrical escalation that justifies US military intervention.
The bloc downplays the Houthi's own rationale of retaliation for Saudi blockade and airport attack, instead framing the event solely as a new front in the US-Iran war.
A concerned global economist warns that the Houthi blockade could trigger a worldwide oil crisis and deepen the economic downturn, urging de-escalation.
By framing a regional conflict as a universal economic threat, the bloc makes the story relevant to all readers and amplifies the sense of urgency.
The bloc omits the broader US-Iran military escalation and the Houthi's stated reasons, concentrating exclusively on the economic fallout and the risk of a global recession.
A neutral observer in the Global South reports the facts of the blockade and the US response without taking sides, treating it as a distant but important development.
By maintaining a factual and balanced tone, the bloc distances itself from the conflict, presenting the story as a matter of global trade rather than a geopolitical crisis.
The bloc omits the detailed US-Iran military actions and the Houthi's justification, focusing instead on the immediate logistical disruptions and the US response.
A detached Kremlin-watcher reports Trump's personal promise as the key element, reducing the entire story to a US presidential comment.
By focusing exclusively on Trump's statement and ignoring the actual events, the bloc personifies the US state in its leader, making the response a matter of individual will.
The bloc omits the actual Houthi blockade, the tanker diversions, and the broader context of the US-Iran conflict, reducing the story to a single US presidential comment.