
德国极右翼选择党重选领导 数万抗议者包围会场
共同主席魏德尔和克鲁帕拉连任,全国民调领先;抗议者谴责其政策,欧洲盟友担忧民主倒退。
2026年7月4日,被德国宪法保护办公室列为右翼极端主义的德国选择党(AfD)在东部城市埃尔富特举行联邦党代会,重新选举共同主席爱丽丝·魏德尔(81%得票率)和蒂诺·克鲁帕拉(70%)。尽管警方证实约3.1万人上街抗议,组织者声称达5万人,但约600名代表在警察护送下提前入场,会议按时开始。警方记录到阻塞道路、投掷烟火和攻击党部办公室等约100起违法事件,整体保持基本和平,部分记者遭袭受伤。
德国主流政治圈和工会将抗议视为“捍卫民主”的正当行动。社会民主党、绿党、左翼党和德国工会联合会等呼吁在联邦层面启动对AfD的违宪审查程序。据柏林安全机构分析,AfD领导层在会场内指责抗议者为“反民主暴徒”,并宣称将“严格遣返”移民。德国内部围绕抗议权的边界爆发辩论:部分宪法学者认为,阻止政党会议触及言论自由底线,而反法西斯联盟“抵抗”组织则强调,面对试图破坏民主秩序的政党,公民有抵抗义务。
从国际视角看,华盛顿保守派圈层将AfD的崛起与特朗普的“让美国再次伟大”运动类比,视其为反对建制派的文化保守力量;莫斯科外交界则公开欢迎AfD对俄罗斯的务实立场,普京此前表示该党“能清晰表述德国人民利益”。与此同时,布鲁塞尔和巴黎的政策观察者担忧,AfD在东部州可能取得的执政突破将动摇德国战后共识,削弱欧盟对乌克兰的支持,并助长欧洲极右翼联动。在北京,战略分析人士指出,AfD的反建制倾向可能给中德经贸关系带来不确定性——尽管该党未形成明确对华政策,但其亲俄、反全球化的基调或干扰柏林务实外交传统。
随着9月萨克森-安哈尔特和梅克伦堡-前波美拉尼亚的州选举临近,民调显示AfD在上述地区支持率达35%至42%,全国支持率约29%,领先现任总理默茨的保守派联盟约7个百分点。尽管其他政党坚守“防火墙”拒绝合作,但AfD内部已宣称“先地区、后联邦”的执政路线。德国宪法保护办公室2025年5月将AfD列为联邦层面的极右翼组织,但正式发起违宪审查程序面临漫长法律战,且政治风险高企。此次埃尔富特党代会被外界广泛视作该党迈向权力的关键集结,其后续竞选叙事和抗议规模预计将同步升级。
| 俄罗斯及独联体媒体 | +0.60 | aligned |
|---|---|---|
| 大西洋/英语圈媒体 | −0.70 | critical |
| 欧洲大陆媒体 | −0.20 | neutral |
The AfD consolidates its position despite external pressure, showing that political dissent cannot be silenced by street protests.
Protests are equated to an attempt at censorship, inverting the relationship between majority and minority: the party's legitimacy is asserted by contrasting it with the alleged illegitimacy of the demonstrations.
No mention is made of the content of the protests or the accusations of extremism against the AfD, which are central in Atlantic accounts.
German democracy is under attack from a far-right party that seeks to normalize intolerance, but citizens take to the streets to defend liberal values.
The threat is universalized: the AfD is not just a German party but a danger to the entire Western democratic order, and the protests become a bulwark against authoritarianism.
The electoral legitimacy of the AfD and the fact that it has gained popular support are not acknowledged, focusing only on extremist aspects.
The radical right-wing party holds its congress amid protests, confirming its presence but also its controversial position in the German political system.
A detached tone is adopted, presenting facts without emphasis, but with an implicit judgment of normalization: the AfD is a political actor like others, but the protests highlight its divisive nature.
The reasons for the protests and the specific positions of the AfD are not explored, maintaining a superficial description.